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A mezőgazdasági üzem fogalmának agrárjogi értelmezése AgEcon
Orlovits, Zsolt.
Az agrárüzem definiálása nemcsak a közgazdaságtan, hanem az agrárjog szempontjából is számos problémát vet fel. Szakmai körökben keveredik a mezőgazdasági üzem dologösszességkénti, illetve szervezeti forma szerinti megkülönböztetése. Az uniós jog ezzel szemben a mezőgazdasági üzemet önálló jogi kategóriának tekinti és épít arra, hogy a tagországok egységes üzemszabályozási törvényben állapítják meg a nemzeti agrárüzemek működtetésének jogi-közigazgatási kereteit. Ez a feltételezés azonban csak az Európai Unió nyugat-európai tagállamaira igaz. Bár egyes üzemszabályozási elemek a magyar jogban is megtalálhatók, azok nem az agrárüzemre mint absztrakt jogi kategóriára, hanem a mezőgazdasági vállalkozások egyes konkrét szervezeti formáira vonatkoznak. Hatályos...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agrárüzem; Dologösszesség; Vagyoni értékű jogok; Üzemszabályozás; Szervezeti formák; Agricultural enterprise; Farm; Sum of objects; Wealth rights; Operation regulation; Organizational forms; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58602
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A Microeconomic Model for Subsidies Allocation: the Case of Belarus AgEcon
Svetlov, Nikolai M.; Kazakevich, Iryna A..
The paper develops a microeconomic methodological framework that allows approaching subsidy allocation across the types of assets and impact of subsidies on agricultural outputs and profits. The methodology is based on a non-parametric production frontier estimation. The empirical application is made to 1084 Belarusian corporate farms. The results suggest targeting governmental support at grain and milk production. In this case, 4.14 trillion Belarusian roubles of subsidies increase the overall profit of the sample farms by 1.46 trillion. In the case of targeting, the farms with higher overall efficiency are more sensitive to the support and are able to absorb larger amount of subsidies. The opposite is true in the absence of targeting.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Microeconomic model; Data envelopment; Subsidies; Belarus; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; K18; C61.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90826
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A minimum cross entropy model to generate disaggregated agricultural data at the local level AgEcon
Xavier, Antonio; Martins, Maria de Belem Costa Freitas; Fragoso, Rui Manuel de Sousa.
This work presents an entropy approach to disaggregate agricultural data at a local level. It comprises two different steps. In a first one, an information prior at disaggregated level based on experts’ opinions, available cartography of land use and biophysical data is created. In a second step, it’s used a minimum cross entropy process in order to manage these information inputs and to guaranty a solution compatible with all the different restrictions. The model was applied to the region of Algarve in the year of 1999, in order to disaggregate the data at the pixel and county level. Results show that the model was able to provide some satisfactory results since the estimated values obtained for the different areas revealed a good approximation to the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Minimum cross entropy; Data disaggregation; Local level; Algarve; Agricultural policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; C11; C81; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98991
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A Misguided Tobacco Policy? Public Policy and Consumption Substitutability Between Cigarettes and An Important Smokeless Tobacco Alternative AgEcon
Maki, Jennifer.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Snus; Tobacco; Smokeless Tobacco; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103620
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A Mixed Effects Model of Crop Yields for Purposes of Premium Determination AgEcon
Roberts, Michael J.; Tack, Jesse B..
Farm income is highly variable due to annual price and yield uncertainties. The federally subsidized crop insurance program is an important tool for managing this risk, and has grown from a relatively modest program to one that encompasses the majority of productive cropland in the country. The success of this program depends on identification of actuarially fair insurance premium rates, which in turn depends on accurate estimation of farm-level yield distributions. We use the confidential U.S. Department of Agriculture Risk Management Agency (RMA) panel dataset to estimate farm-specific distributions of yields and actually fair crop insurance premiums. Our ongoing work includes using the difference between our estimated actually fair premiums and RMA's to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Yield; Crop Insurance; Policy; Mixed Model; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103405
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A Mixed Geographically Weighted Approach to Decoupling and Rural Development in the EU-15 AgEcon
Pecci, Francesco; Sassi, Maria.
The CAP reform and the recent EC communication aimed at preparing its Health Check emphasise the need for interventions locally based where agricultural policy integrates with a broader policy for rural areas growth. In this context, the paper investigates the possible different sets policy indicators affecting agricultural productivity at the regional level considering spatial heterogeneity by means of a Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression approach. The analysis is based on a set of policy sensitive indicators selected according to the key component of the CAP reform and referred to a sample of 164 EU-15 regions at NUTS2 level. The methodology adopted, new for the empirical literature on the topic, allows for a more accurate understanding of spatial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CAP reform; Agricultural productivity; Spatial analysis; Cluster analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6625
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A Model of Labeling with Horizontal Differentiation and Cost Variability AgEcon
Saak, Alexander E..
We study optimal disclosure of variety by a multi-product firm with random costs. In our model there are two varieties that are horizontally differentiated and differ in overall quality, but buyers cannot distinguish between them without labels. The equilibrium prices for labeled varieties are increasing functions of the absolute value of the cost differential and do not reveal which variety is cheaper to produce. Nondisclosure is most common when there is moderate uncertainty about the relative input cost, not too much idiosyncrasy in consumer valuations, and not too much difference in quality across varieties. Although mandatory disclosure of variety benefits consumers, it decreases expected welfare when relative input cost variability is large and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization; Marketing; Information; Labeling; Quality disclosure; Product differentiation.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103540
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A MODEL OF PRODUCER INCENTIVES FOR LIVESTOCK DISEASE MANAGEMENT AgEcon
Ranjan, Ram; Lubowski, Ruben N..
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/13/04.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20146
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A Multi-Criteria Approach to Assessing PDOs/PGIs: An Italian Pilot Study AgEcon
Galli, Francesca; Carbone, Anna; Caswell, Julie A.; Sorrentino, Alessandro.
The paper contribute to the assessment of PDO/PGI schemes by building an approach to measuring the actual performance of the PDO/PGI products in relation to the objectives of the European Regulation 510/2006. This is done through a multi-criteria ex-post analysis that compares the performance of different PDO/PGI products with respect to multiple criteria. The research presented, based on a small sample of Pdo cheese products in Italy, can be considered a pilot study that develops a comparative evaluation of the performance of PDO cheeses: i) relative to the different objectives of the schemes, ii) by using a set of suitable and informative indicators that can help to evaluate the effectiveness of a wide number of PDOs/PGIs with respect to the regulation’s...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Protected Designations of Origin (PDO); Protected Geographical Indications (PGI); Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis; Cheese; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121944
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A multi-regional general equilibrium model to assess policy effects at regional level AgEcon
Lovo, Stefania; Magnani, Riccardo; Perali, Carlo Federico.
This paper develops a multi-regional general equilibrium model (MEG-R) to compare the social desirability of the CAP reform in the three Italian macro-regions: North, Center and South. The model employs a mixed complementary framework that allows for the decision of not producing a particular crop in one or more regions and presents an attempt to model interregional trade flows. The model incorporates the links between production and consumption that characterize farm household’s behavior and allows for heterogeneous household responses across regions. Results show a general tendency to reallocations from cereal crops to forage that appear more severe in the South. In this region, the reduction in crops cannot be translated into an effective expansion of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Multi-regional general equilibrium model; Farm households; Interregional trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; C68; R13; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98996
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A multi-regional general equilibrium model to assess policy effects at regional level AgEcon
Lovo, Stefania; Magnani, Riccardo; Perali, Carlo Federico.
In this paper we develop a multi-regional general equilibrium model (MEG-R) to compare the social desirability of the CAP reform in the three Italian macro-regions: North, Center and South. The model employs a mixed complementary framework that allows for the decision of not producing a particular crop in one or more regions and presents an attempt to model interregional trade flows. The model incorporates the links between production and consumption that characterize farm household’s behavior and allows for heterogeneous household responses across regions. Results show a general tendency to reallocations from cereal crops to forage that appear more severe in the South. In this region, the reduction in crops cannot be translated into an effective expansion...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Multi regional general equilibrium model; Farm households; Interregional trade.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95059
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A műszaki fejlesztési környezet néhány meghatározó eleme az Európai Unió mezőgazdaságában AgEcon
Baranyai, Zsolt.
A vizsgálat eredményei rámutattak arra, hogy az EU-országok üzemei meglehetősen heterogének a műszaki fejlesztés feltételrendszerét illetően, amely magában foglalja az üzemi koncentráció mértékét, a műszaki fejlesztés színvonalát, a rendelkezésre álló pénzügyi forrásokon (fedezeti összeg és támogatás) keresztül megjelenő fejlesztési potenciált és a fejlesztésekben lekötött tőke hatékonyságát is. Magyarország helyzetét értékelve, sajnálatos módon kedvezőtlen tendenciák mutathatók ki, hasonlóan a legtöbb 2004-ben csatlakozott országhoz. A fennálló problémák megoldását az ágazat racionális fejlesztése jelenti, melyben a tőkehatékonysági szempon¬tok kiemelt szerepet kapnak. A tőkehatékonyság javulását eredményezheti a kon¬centráció, ami bekövetkezhet egyrészt...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Jövedelmezőség; Műszaki fejlesztés; Támogatás; Tőkehatékonyság; Versenyképesség; Profitability; Technical development; Subsidies; Capital efficiency; Competitiveness; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92498
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A NATIONAL FOOD POLICY TO MAKE MOST EFFECTIVE USE OF FOOD RESOURCES AgEcon
Johnson, A.S..
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1978 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27519
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A Nemzeti Vidékstratégia a mezőgazdasági vízgazdálkodás és az öntözésfejlesztés tükrében AgEcon
Biro, Szabolcs; Kapronczai, Istvan; Szekely, Erika; Szucs, Istvan.
A Nemzeti Vidékstratégiai Koncepció (Vidékfejlesztési Minisztérium, 2011) vitaanyagának előszava a természeti erőforrások felértékelődésére, a természeti környezet védelmére, valamint a mezőgazdaság és a vidék szoros kapcsolatára hívja fel a figyelmet. Ennek tükrében élelmiszerelőállítás csak a talajok, az ivóvízbázisok és a táj fenntartását eredményező, a jó környezeti állapotot és az élővilág sokszínűségét megőrző, valamint a vidéki életformát, a helyi közösségeket és kultúrát megóvó jó minőségű és biztonságos alapanyagokra épülő termelés mellett értelmezhető. Jelen vitacikk a mezőgazdasági vízhasználat vidékstratégiai vonatkozásait kívánja feltárni, felhasználva kutatási eredményeinket1 és figyelembe véve vizsgálataink alapján megfogalmazott...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Természeti erőforrások; Föld; Öntözés; Klíma; Role of natural resources; Land; Climate change; Irrigation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119906
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A New Direction for U.S. Farm Policy (PowerPoint) AgEcon
Grossi, Ralph.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8100
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A NEW METHODOLOGY FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LAND VALUE AgEcon
Szucs, Istvan; Fekete-Farkas, Maria; Vinogradov, Szergey A..
In the framework of National Research and Development program No. 4/015/2004 “Land quality, land value and sustainable land use in conditions of European Union” has been developed the methodology of a complex land evaluation using modern technical means. Complex evaluation means an organic systematization of ecological and economical factors. The ecological assessment of land is executed in the D-e-Meter point system. The economical evaluation systematizes the effects of economical factors in conformity with structure of the D-e-Meter system.
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Land evaluation; D-e-Meter system; Corrected Gross Margin; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43403
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A NEW ROLE FOR CONSERVATION IN U.S. FARM POLICY, CONSERVATION OPERATIONS: USDA'S CHALLENGE TO MAKE IT WORK AgEcon
Gray, Roy M..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33518
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A NEW STRUCTURE FOR AGRICULTURE: A REVOLUTION FOR RURAL AMERICA AgEcon
Drabenstott, Mark.
U.S. agriculture is undergoing a tidal wave of change in its structure. A shift to supply chains and away from commodities and commodity markets is the hallmark of this new wave. The new agriculture of the 21st century will bring with it a new geography that may be nothing short of a revolution for rural America. Supply chains will tend to concentrate activity geographically and change the local economic dynamic where they do locate. Finally, the tide of change in agriculture's structure means a whole new slate of policy issues. Concentration, market access, and the delivery mechanism for government support all become bigger concerns with supply chains. But perhaps the biggest policy challenge looming ahead is addressing rural America's economic...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Rural economy; Rural policy; Structural change; Supply chain; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14705
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A New U.S. Farm Household Typology: Implications for Agricultural Subsidies AgEcon
Briggeman, Brian C..
Changes in American agriculture have yielded a diversity of farm types. These changes have extended beyond the farm business and into the farm household. The objective of this research is to motivate, develop, and discuss the policy implications of a new typology of U.S. farm households that is based on household economic theory. Using the 2003 Agricultural Resource Management Survey and statistical analysis, six mutually exclusive groups of U.S. farm households are identified as the U.S. Farm Household Typology. This typology is then compared to the current Economic Research Service Farm Typology and used to investigate the distribution of government payments.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21175
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A non-compensatory choice modeling analysis of Japanese consumers’ preferences for beef: A choice experiment approach AgEcon
Aizaki, Hideo; Sawada, Manabu; Sato, Kazuo; Kikkawa, Toshiko.
The purpose of this paper is to examine, using choice experiments, the Japanese consumers’ valuation of domestic Wagyu beef, domestic dairy beef, Australian beef, and US beef when considering their bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) test status. Some Japanese consumers give high priority to food safety while purchasing beef; this is expected to cause a non-compensatory valuation of food safety. As compared to the results derived from a compensatory utility model, a random parameters logit (RPL) with a non-compensatory utility model provides estimation results that are fitter for the respondents’ decision-making rules and also provides more valid willingness to pay (WTP) for each type of beef. The results suggest that the RPL with the non-compensatory...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: BSE; Food safety; Consumers' valuation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Risk and Uncertainty; Q13; D18; D12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51656
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